When I first got diagnosed with hyperprolactinemia. I had never heard of it. For my own understanding, I spent hours online reading about it. Here’s a condensed summary of what I found out.
High prolactin levels occur when there is an overproduction of the hormone prolactin by the pituitary gland in the brain. This condition is called hyperprolactinemia. Prolactin is primarily responsible for stimulating milk production in pregnant and breastfeeding women. However, it also has other roles in non-pregnant women, including regulating the menstrual cycle, enhancing the immune system, and affecting mood.
Common causes of high prolactin levels include medications, stress, certain medical conditions (such as hypothyroidism or polycystic ovary syndrome), pituitary tumors (prolactinomas), and other structural issues affecting the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. It’s essential to be aware that a pituitary tumor could potentially be the root cause. That’s why it’s really important to get a thorough medical checkup to find out exactly why your prolactin levels might be high. Like everyone, I despise going to the hospital and I tend to wait and see bit, but I learned from my doctor that in this instance it’s really important to go and get a proper diagnosis…. immediately.
The main issues and symptoms associated with high prolactin levels in women include:
- Irregular Menstrual Periods: High prolactin levels can disrupt the menstrual cycle, leading to irregular or absent periods (amenorrhea).
- Infertility: Hyperprolactinemia can interfere with ovulation and fertility, making it difficult to conceive.
- Galactorrhea: Some women with high prolactin levels may experience milky breast discharge unrelated to pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- Decreased Bone Density: Long-term high prolactin levels may cause a decrease in bone density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.
- Headaches: High prolactin levels may lead to headaches and visual disturbances due to pressure on the optic nerves.
- Mood Changes: Prolactin can influence dopamine levels in the brain, and high levels may be associated with mood swings, depression, and anxiety. Personally, I was very irritable and angry.
- Weight Gain: Some individuals with hyperprolactinemia may experience unexplained weight gain.
- Increased breast size and tenderness: Some will experience fuller and more tender breasts like with PMS.
Personally I experienced several symptoms including dizziness, migraines, and uncharacteristic irritability. Despite being a calm person, I found myself unusually angry and easily agitated. Also, I experienced a rather alarming increase in breast size and tenderness, which felt out of the ordinary for me. At the end of the day, intuitively, I just knew that something was not right.
How is detected? How is it diagnosed?
Detecting high prolactin levels usually involves a blood test. In Japan, women typically visit a Ladies Clinic or consult a gynecologist for this purpose. After the initial assessment, if high prolactin levels are found, the next step might involve undergoing an MRI scan at a Neurology Clinic. This MRI is crucial to rule out the presence of a tumor as a potential cause. Protocols and procedures can differ in other countries, so the steps might vary depending on where you are.
In my case, despite thorough examinations, my doctors were unable to pinpoint the exact cause of my elevated prolactin levels. Even after treatment, my levels rose after a few months. I began to suspect a connection to stress and my complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) from childhood trauma. Research published in Obstetrics & Gynecology, suggest that as childhood traumatic experiences like exposure to an absent, alcoholic, or violent father, may predispose women to develop hyperprolactinemia later in life (Nunes et al., 1980). While I don’t have definitive answers, I do know that I will probably have to monitor and manage my prolactin levels for years to come.
Once again, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional immediately if you suspect you have high prolactin levels or experience any of the symptoms mentioned above. Getting quick medical attention isn’t just about managing the current symptoms, it’s also about making sure there’s no chance of a tumor being in the picture.
Disclaimer: I am not a medical professional. The information provided in this blog post about hyperprolactinemia is based solely on my personal experiences and research. It is intended for informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. If you suspect you may have hyperprolactinemia or any other medical condition, please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
